In the name of Allah the most beneficial the most merciful.

Hello Steemians 💕 this is @fatima9, welcome to another great knowledge contest "Basic Knowledge In Agriculture"
Today's topic is also very interesting. Let's see what is "Soil Conservation".

"Soil Conservation in Detail,"

Soil conservation is the process of protecting the top fertile layer of the earth from destruction, erosion, and barrenness.

Remember, it takes 500 years to form 2 cm of fertile soil, but a heavy rain can wash it away.

1. Why does the soil deteriorate?

Water erosion:

Rainwater washes away fertile soil from the slopes.

Wind erosion:

Due to the lack of trees, strong winds blow away dry soil.

Chemical deterioration:

Excessive use of chemical fertilizers and sprays kills soil-friendly insects.

Beans and threshers:

Excessive use of canal water is the biggest problem.

Single crop:

Planting the same crop (only wheat) every year depletes the soil of its special nutrients.

2. Complete methods of protection.

a) Biological methods the cheapest and best:

Crop Rotation:

Do not plant the same crop repeatedly. Plant barley, pulses or moong after wheat. Pulses take nitrogen from the air and strengthen the soil.

Mulching:

Never leave the soil bare. Lay down straw, straw or dry leaves. This retains moisture and stops erosion.

Contour Farming:

On sloping land, plow in the opposite direction of the slope so that the water is absorbed into the soil and does not run off.

Plant trees on the edges of the field:

Sheesham, Kekar, Sebida. The roots hold the soil together. Like the roots of yellow flower (Lantana) do.

b) Mechanical methods:

Terracing:

Cultivating by making steps in mountainous areas.

Dam:

Building small earthen walls around the field so that water and soil do not leak out.

Laser leveling:

Leveling the land completely with a laser, this ensures that water reaches everywhere evenly and does not form seams.

c) Proper use of water:

Drip irrigation:

Giving water drop by drop to the roots. This saves 60 percent of water and does not form salt in the soil.

Organic fertilizer:

Use of rotted manure. It is the lifeblood of the soil, it produces earthworms that make the soil fertile.

3 Golden rules for farmers:

1. Protect: Keep the land covered.

2. Restore: Apply manure fertilizer.

1. Sustain: Apply fertilizer only after getting the soil tested.

Signs of healthy soil:

Dark black in color, soft to the touch, and contains earthworms.