Basic Knowledge In Agriculture #104

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In my own perspective, permit me to use this opportunity to share my idea and understanding about disease surveillance,I would like to say that it is the continuous, systematic way of collecting data analysis, interpretation, and dissemination of health data about diseases in humans animals and plants. This involves involves early detection of unusual disease patterns before they become major outbreaks, like right now in my country Nigeria, Ebola virus is affecting us and about 46 people as last week was affected,so if there was disease surveillance team,I wouldn't have become an outbreak.

This process has four importance stages: (1) The collection of data from farms.

(2). The collection of data clinics

(3) The collection of data laboratories.

(4) The collection of data markets.

The laboratory confirmation and analysis will help to identify the disease agent, its spread ,the location, and severity; prompt response through containment, quarantine, vaccination, treatment, so if some Agro seedlings is being affected, they should immediately be quarantine

On this note,surveillance can be passive, where the authorities are waiting for reports or signals from farmers and veterinarians, active, where teams deliberately search farms and abattoirs for hidden cases, so effective surveillance will requires the following for proper trained personnel, diagnostic laboratory, good record keeping, and rapid reporting systems.

There are two types of surveillance Passive surveillance: they will wait for farmers to report sick affected crops or animals to the appropriate body whereas Active surveillance is the body going in to different farms and gather or collect data of affected crops or animals.

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In agriculture, I will talk about two sections,: Animal disease surveillance and plant or crop disease surveillance, so both are very critical.

It is important for foods Security and livelihood protection, like in my country Nigeria, a small outbreak of Avian Influenza can destroy out 100% of a poultry farm in 48 hours.
It is also important because it will help government to the policy to make that will guides farmers
Another example is this year, ginger farmers are suffering from fungi that destroyed their farms,so if there was good data collection and information on previous attack,the outbreak wouldn't have destroyed the ginger which is one of the selling crops in the international market, though there was remedy through chemical known as Fungicide.

In conclusion,I will like to say in a single team,no surveillance farming will be in the dark and with surveillance farmers will see their enemies, before they destroy the farm.
So simple, explanation a farmer who always checked on his or her farm either plants or crops every morning, records deaths, and quickly calls the Vet or Agric Extension Officer is already practicing farm-level disease surveillance
Thank you all my farmers for having me

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